{"id":615,"date":"2018-12-29T16:24:56","date_gmt":"2018-12-29T16:24:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/?page_id=615"},"modified":"2024-07-16T12:09:24","modified_gmt":"2024-07-16T12:09:24","slug":"cyanidin","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/cyanidin\/","title":{"rendered":"Properties of Cyanidin, Antioxidant and E163a Dye"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Cyanidin<\/strong> is a natural chemical compound found in plants, fruits, and vegetables. It belongs to the group of anthocyanins, a subclass of flavonoids, which are secondary metabolites in plants that act in the human body by providing beneficial health properties.<\/p><aside class=\"adsini\"><ins class=\"adsbygoogle fl-inicio-articulo\" style=\"display:block\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-9582652217436894\" data-ad-slot=\"8447102556\" data-ad-format=\"auto\" data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins><script>(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});<\/script><\/aside>\n<div id=\"toc_container\" class=\"toc_white no_bullets\"><p class=\"toc_title\">Contents<\/p><ul class=\"toc_list\"><li><a href=\"#What-is-cyanidin\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">1<\/span> What is cyanidin<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Cyanidin-properties\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">2<\/span> Cyanidin properties<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Cyanidin-3-glucoside-Antioxidant\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">3<\/span> Cyanidin 3 glucoside Antioxidant<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Uses-as-an-anti-inflammatory\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">4<\/span> Uses as an anti-inflammatory<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Benefits-for-diabetes\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">5<\/span> Benefits for diabetes<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#For-obesity\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">6<\/span> For obesity<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Uses-as-E163a-dye\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">7<\/span> Uses as E163a dye<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Cyanidin-as-a-pH-indicator\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">8<\/span> Cyanidin as a pH indicator<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Foods-with-cyanidin\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">9<\/span> Foods with cyanidin<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#Obtaining\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">10<\/span> Obtaining<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#More-data-about-cyanidin\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">11<\/span> More data about cyanidin<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#References\"><span class=\"toc_number toc_depth_1\">12<\/span> References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n<h2><span id=\"What-is-cyanidin\">What is cyanidin<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>It is a natural antioxidant with properties to capture free radicals and block their harmful effects on the body. Cyanidin is a chemical that protects cells from oxidation, also having other properties and benefits such as preventing heart diseases and cellular DNA damage.<\/p>\n<p><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1400 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/cyanidin-properties.jpg\" alt=\"What is cyanidin and what are its properties\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/cyanidin-properties.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/cyanidin-properties-336x144.jpg 336w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Cyanidin 3 glucoside<\/strong> protects human DNA, preventing abnormal cell growth, which prevents diseases such as cancer.<\/p>\n<p>In plants, it functions as a pigment or dye. It works by staining leaves with color and intensifying the color of the fruits that the vegetables produce.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Cyanidin-properties\">Cyanidin properties<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Various studies have been conducted demonstrating that the administration of cyanidin capsules to controlled patients, as well as the intake of this anthocyanin through food, has <strong>anti-inflammatory properties<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>There are also data related to the prevention of diabetes since it has an impact on blood glucose levels, also playing an important role in the <strong>fight against obesity<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Regarding <strong>cancer treatment<\/strong>, although there are currently no drugs made with cyanidin, there is a forecast that it will begin to be studied more deeply to complete research on the benefits for this type of oncological diseases.<\/p>\n<p>Overall, cyanidin is considered one of the most potent antioxidants.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Cyanidin-3-glucoside-Antioxidant\">Cyanidin 3 glucoside Antioxidant<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1402 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/cyanidin-3-glucoside.jpg\" alt=\"Cyanidin 3 glucoside or cyanidin 3-glycoside\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/cyanidin-3-glucoside.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/cyanidin-3-glucoside-336x144.jpg 336w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The great advantage of this natural pigment is its power as an antioxidant. Its effects to prevent cellular oxidation are more potent than those of vitamins C and E, making it a fundamental element in preventing premature skin aging, as well as safeguarding against damage from solar radiation.<\/p>\n<p>There are indications that it may also have, in addition to its antioxidant properties, beneficial effects as an antidote. The possibility of including it as a blocker of mycotoxins and toxins that harm humans and are produced by molds such as Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Penicillium is being developed.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Uses-as-an-anti-inflammatory\">Uses as an anti-inflammatory<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Although it is not yet being used for this purpose in humans, there are studies where the anti-inflammatory effects of cyanidin relieve pain and produce well-being when there is arthritis.<\/p>\n<p>Cherries, blueberries, and grapes have been used as elements to control the inflammatory response in arthritic animals. However, as we mentioned, this phytochemical still has a long way to go to be used as a treatment for arthritis.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Benefits-for-diabetes\">Benefits for diabetes<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In another medical field, the study of cyanidin has resulted in a notable <strong>reduction in blood glucose levels<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>This ability of cyanidin-3-glucoside is a great novelty since it can help control blood sugar spikes and greatly improve the quality of life of diabetic people.<\/p>\n<p>It is thought that in the presence of cyanidin, insulin absorption is much more efficient, causing the body to produce it to a lesser extent.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"For-obesity\">For obesity<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Regarding weight control and the reduction of problems associated with obesity, cyanidin can function as an element to control weight.<\/p>\n<p>In itself, it is not a slimming agent or a fat-burning substance. However, because it has properties to control the level of blood insulin, its presence in the body would facilitate weight regulation.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Uses-as-E163a-dye\">Uses as E163a dye<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1403 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/e163-dye.jpg\" alt=\"Dye E163a\" width=\"700\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/e163-dye.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/e163-dye-336x144.jpg 336w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>In addition to applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries, cyanidin is sold as <strong>E163a<\/strong>, a dye widely used in the textile industry and in food processing.<\/p>\n<p>All anthocyanins are used as dyes or food additives, with the following classification:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Cyanidin:<\/strong> E163a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Delphinidin:<\/strong> E163b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Malvidin:<\/strong> E163c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pelargonidin:<\/strong> E163d.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Peonidin:<\/strong> E163e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Petunidin:<\/strong> E163f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>All these natural dyes are used in the manufacturing of beverages and soft drinks, making of gummies and sweet products, as well as in the production of dairy products.<\/p>\n<p>The toxicity level of E163 dyes is low, corresponding to the code SIN163, with its chemical formula being C<sub>15<\/sub>H<sub>11<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub>+ (<em>Cyanidol<\/em>).<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Cyanidin-as-a-pH-indicator\">Cyanidin as a pH indicator<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1185 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/meter-ph.jpg\" alt=\"tabla de medici\u00f3n de pH\" width=\"612\" height=\"340\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/meter-ph.jpg 612w, https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/wp-content\/uploads\/meter-ph-336x187.jpg 336w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 612px) 100vw, 612px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>To obtain it, it is sufficient to heat a portion of purple cabbage (<em>Brassica oleracea<\/em>) in a pot or saucepan for 5 to 10 minutes. The result is an <strong>extraction of cyanidin that serves as a pH and alkalinity indicator<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Cyanidin has the property of changing color when the pH rises or falls, expressing <strong>blue and violet shades in neutral mediums<\/strong> (pH of 7).<\/p>\n<p>When the <strong>pH is acidic<\/strong> (from 1 to 6), the color of cyanidin shows <strong>red shades<\/strong>. If it exceeds average values and the medium becomes alkaline (from 8 to 13), the expressed color will tend towards yellow.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Foods-with-cyanidin\">Foods with cyanidin<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Blueberries.<\/li>\n<li>Red berries.<\/li>\n<li>Eggplants.<\/li>\n<li>Red onions.<\/li>\n<li>Cherries.<\/li>\n<li>Plums.<\/li>\n<li>Red cabbage.<\/li>\n<li>Raspberries.<\/li>\n<li>Savoy cabbage.<\/li>\n<li>Apples.<\/li>\n<li>Purple corn.<\/li>\n<li>Blackberries.<\/li>\n<li>Peaches.<\/li>\n<li>Radishes.<\/li>\n<li>Grapes.<\/li>\n<li>Blackberries.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In plants, it functions to provide color since it is used as a plant pigment. The <strong>foods with the highest cyanidin content<\/strong> are mostly blackberries, raspberries, grapes, and fruits of red, purple, orange, and blue colors, being very common to find it in the rest of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flavonoides.org\/en\/anthocyanins\/\">foods with anthocyanins<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In most foods, it can be found naturally and in greater proportion in their skin or peel.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"Obtaining\">Obtaining<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There are different ways, and the most common is through food processing. By extracting the <strong>skin of the indicated fruits<\/strong>, it is possible to make different dietary supplements rich in cyanidin.<\/p>\n<p>However, nowadays it is also possible to obtain cyanidin through in vitro cultures of the intestinal bacteria <strong>Escherichia coli<\/strong>. This microorganism is capable of producing cyanidin 3-O-glucoside.<\/p>\n<p>It is also possible to obtain cyanidin pigments by <strong>boiling<\/strong> red cabbage leaves or vegetables rich in cyanidin glucosides.<\/p>\n<h2><span id=\"More-data-about-cyanidin\">More data about cyanidin<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Classified as an anthocyanin, subgroup of flavonoids.<\/li>\n<li>It is a water-soluble plant compound.<\/li>\n<li>Acts as a pigment in plants.<\/li>\n<li>Functions as an antioxidant in the human body.<\/li>\n<li>It possesses anti-inflammatory properties and has benefits for preventing various types of cancer, diabetes, and arthritis.<\/li>\n<li>The skin of fruits and vegetables is the richest part in cyanidin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span id=\"References\">References<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul class=\"boxrefer\">\n<li>Metabolic engineering of anthocyanin biosynthesis. [Appl Environ Microbiol. 2005] &#8211; PubMed Result.<\/li>\n<li>https:\/\/www.sigmaaldrich.com\/catalog\/search?term=Cyanidin+3-glucoside&amp;interface=All&amp;N=0&amp;mode=partialmax&amp;lang=es&amp;region=ES&amp;focus=product.<\/li>\n<li>https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/Cyanidin.<\/li>\n<li>In vitro Antitumor Activity of Cyanidin-3-O-\u03b2-Glucopyranoside.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cyanidin is a natural chemical compound found in plants, fruits, and vegetables. 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